Throwing velocity is a critical contributor to performance in a variety of sports around the world. The purpose of this paper was to provide a brief review of the recent research investigating the strength and power qualities that influence throwing velocity across different sports, with specific reference to training methods that will enhance performance for overhead throwing athletes. A search of the PubMed database was used to source relevant literature, which was then manually filtered according to its relevance to strength and power development, throwing velocity and throwing mechanics. Results showed that a proximal to distal sequencing has been consistently reported across all throwing sports, however unique kinetic and kinematic characteristics exist within each sport that must be considered when designing the training plan. Lower body strength can directly increase force contribution to the throwing motion, as well as play a key stabilizing role in the transference of force through the kinetic chain. Further, upper body power and rate of force (RFD) development appear critical to optimizing the ability to effectively transfer and augment the force contribution from the lower body to the hand or racquet in a high velocity throwing motion. It was concluded that a mixed methods approach to program design is the optimal method for increasing strength, power and RFD qualities of both the lower and upper body for greatest transfer to increased velocity in throwing sport athletes.
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