Metabolic responses and pacing strategies during successive sprint skiing time trials
(Metabole Reaktionen und die Renntempogestaltungsstrategien bei wiederholten Wettkampfsprints im Skilanglauf)
Purpose: This study aimed to examine the metabolic responses and pacing strategies during the performance of successive sprint time trials (STTs) in cross-country skiing.
Methods: Ten well-trained male cross-country skiers performed four self-paced 1300-m STTs on a treadmill, each separated by 45 min of recovery. The simulated sprint time trial (STT) course was divided into three flat (1°) sections (S1, S3, and S5) involving the double poling subtechnique interspersed with two uphill (7°) sections (S2 and S4) involving the diagonal stride subtechnique. Treadmill velocity and VO2 were monitored continuously, and gross efficiency was used to estimate the anaerobic energy supply.
Results: The individual trial-to-trial variability in STTs performance time was 1.3%, where variations in O2 deficit and VO2 explained 69% (P < 0.05) and 11% (P > 0.05) of the variation in performance. The first and the last STTs were equally fast (228 ± 10 s) and ~1.3% faster than the second and the third STTs (P < 0.05). These two fastest STTs were associated with a 14% greater O2 deficit (P < 0.05), whereas the average VO2 was similar during all four STTs (86% ± 3% of VO2max). Positive pacing was used throughout all STTs, with significantly less time spent on the first than second course half. In addition, metabolic rates were substantially higher (~30%) for uphill than for flat skiing, indicating that pacing was regulated to the terrain.
Conclusions: The fastest STTs were characterized primarily by a greater anaerobic energy production, which also explained 69% of the individual variation in performance. Moreover, the skiers used positive pacing and a variable exercise intensity according to the course profile, yielding an irregular distribution of anaerobic energy production.
© Copyright 2016 Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.
Schlagworte: | Sportphysiologie Skilanglauf Sprint Taktik Wettkampf Geschwindigkeit Stoffwechsel Energiestoffwechsel anaerob O2-Aufnahme |
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Notationen: | Biowissenschaften und Sportmedizin Ausdauersportarten |
Tagging: | Pacing |
DOI: | 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001037 |
Veröffentlicht in: | Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise |
Veröffentlicht: |
2016
|
Jahrgang: | 48 |
Heft: | 12 |
Seiten: | 2544-2554 |
Dokumentenarten: | Artikel |
Sprache: | Englisch |
Level: | hoch |