Detraining effect on cardiac autonomic response to an all-out sprint exercise in trained adolescent swimmers
(Auswirkung von Detraining auf die autonome Reaktion des Herzens auf eine Sprintübung bei trainierten jugendlichen Schwimmern)
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 5-week training cessation on the cardiac autonomic response after a 50-m swimming time-trial test.
Methods: Twenty trained and highly trained adolescent swimmers (17.1 [2.7] y) performed a 50-m front-crawl all-out test before (visit 1) and after a 5-week training cessation (visit 2). After the warm-up, heart-rate variability (HRV) was recorded in a seated position using a Polar RS800CX heart-rate monitor during the 10 minutes before (preexercise) and immediately after the 50-m front-crawl all-out test (postexercise). Two-way analysis of variance (time × visit) and analysis of covariance were conducted to compute the effect of the 50-m all-out test on vagal-related HRV parameters (mean R-R, standard deviation of R-R intervals [SDNN], square root of the mean squared differences between successive R-R intervals [RMSSD], the percentage number of pairs of adjacent normal R-R intervals differing by more than 50 milliseconds in the entire recording [pNN50], and power in the high frequency [HF]) with Bonferroni post hoc test.
Results: All the HRV parameters had a time main effect (P < .05), showing a reduction after the 50 m in both visits (P < .05). All the variables exhibited a visit main effect (P < .05); the preexercise and postexercise mean R-R, natural logarithm SDNN, natural logarithm RMSSD, and natural logarithm HF values declined after the training cessation (P < .05). Natural logarithm pNN50 preexercise values were reduced in visit 2 compared with visit 1 (P < .05). Only mean R-R was further reduced in response to the test in visit 2 compared with visit 1 (P < .05).
Conclusions: After 5 weeks of training cessation, all the preexercise and postexercise vagal-related HRV parameters evidenced a reduction, suggesting an impairment in swimmers` physical status. Coaches should be cautious with training loads at the start of the season.
© Copyright 2023 International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.
Schlagworte: | Schwimmen Kinder- und Jugendsport Nachwuchsleistungssport Leistung Sprint Übung Training anaerob Detraining Wirkung Trainingswirkung Relation Nervensystem Herzfrequenzvariabilität Herz |
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Notationen: | Ausdauersportarten Nachwuchssport |
DOI: | 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0389 |
Veröffentlicht in: | International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance |
Veröffentlicht: |
2023
|
Jahrgang: | 18 |
Heft: | 6 |
Seiten: | 573-578 |
Dokumentenarten: | Artikel |
Sprache: | Englisch |
Level: | hoch |