For decades athletes have been improving their sports performance through strength training of many varieties. It can be argued that success in most sports depends upon attainment of some threshold level for maximum strength, power and speed (23). It is the ability to express explosive strength in the field of play is one of the essential elements of elite athletic performers. Therefore, the design of resistance training programs that can result in beneficial adaptation across a variety of performance skills is a challenging undertaking, especially when dealing with well-trained athletes. In order for resistance training to enhance performance, the isometric and dynamic force related characteristics and the power developed must transfer to these skills (11). Researchers have endeavoured to investigate the relationship of maximal strength to other strength qualities along the repetition maximum (RM) spectrum in an attempt to better associate different strength qualities with expression of power. Although varied in their content, methods and findings, current research has shed light on a range of strength training loads that result in optimal power output (4,5, 30, 13, 8), and greater enhancement in sports performance field tests (32, 16, 18, 13,11). More importantly, these results allow strength and conditioning coaches to accurately prescribe the correct training intensities for the attainment of optimal power development in athletes for their specific events. This literature review is designed to present the findings from current research on peak power production and its relationship to maximal strength and other strength qualities in athletes, of many competitive levels. The relationship of power and other speed-strength qualities to sports performance variables will be reviewed with an eye to recommend training applications and advanced training methods for the expression of explosive strength in the competition arena. Comparisons of training modes for peak power production will be discussed, with future investigation suggested in associated areas to strengthen the knowledge of training for peak power production and sport specific strength qualities.
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